Earth's climate has warmed significantly since the late 1800s.The current scientific consensus is that: It is extremely likely (95–100%) that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century This evidence for human influence has grown since AR4. Human influence has been detected in warming of the atmosphere and the ocean, in changes in the global water cycle, in reductions in snow and ice, in global mean sea level rise, and in changes in some climate extremes. : 10–11 The IPCC's Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) stated already in 2013: Īs stated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the largest contributor to global warming is the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) since 1750, particularly from fossil fuel combustion, cement production, and land use changes such as deforestation. The small percentage of papers that disagreed with the consensus often contain errors or cannot be replicated. A 2019 review of scientific papers found the consensus on the cause of climate change to be at 100%, and a 2021 study concluded that over 99% of scientific papers agree on the human cause of climate change. Surveys of the scientific literature are another way to measure scientific consensus. Nearly all actively publishing climate scientists say humans are causing climate change. This consensus is supported by various studies of scientists' opinions and by position statements of scientific organizations, many of which explicitly agree with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) synthesis reports.

There is a strong scientific consensus that the Earth is warming and that this warming is mainly caused by human activities.

Another 2021 study found that 98.7% of climate experts indicated that the Earth is getting warmer mostly because of human activity. A 2019 study found scientific consensus to be at 100%, and a 2021 study concluded that consensus exceeded 99%. Scientific consensus on causation: Academic studies of scientific agreement on human-caused global warming among climate experts (2010–2015) reflect that the level of consensus correlates with expertise in climate science. Observed global warming: Global average temperature data from various scientific organizations show substantial agreement concerning the progress and extent of global warming: pairwise correlations for long-term datasets (1850+ and 1880+) exceed 99.1%. Evaluation of climate change by the scientific community

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